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Callisto ,  The outermost Galilean Satellite , or Moon ,  of Jupiter, as taken by Voyager I .  Range : About 7 Million km (5 Million miles) .  Callisto, the darkest of the Galilean Satellites, still nearly twice as bright as the Earth's Moon, is seen here from the face that always faces Jupiter.  All of the Galilean Satellites always show the same face to Jupiter, as the Earth's moon does to Earth. The Surface  shows a mottled appearance of bright and dark patches. The former reminds scientists of rayed or bright  haloed craters, similiar to those seen on earth's Moon. This color photo is assembled from 3 black and wite images taken though violet, orange, & green filters ARC-1979-AC79-7002

Callisto , The outermost Galilean Satellite , or Moon , of Jupiter, ...

Callisto , The outermost Galilean Satellite , or Moon , of Jupiter, as taken by Voyager I . Range : About 7 Million km (5 Million miles) . Callisto, the darkest of the Galilean Satellites, still nearly twic... More

P-21739 BW Range: 4.7 million kilometers (2.9 million miles) This picture of Io was taken as Voyager 2 closes in on the Jovian system. Scientists are studying these distant views of Io for evidences of changes since Voyager 1 observations in March of  79. Voyager 1 discovered that Io, the innermost of the Galilean satellites, is the most volcanically active body yet seen in the solar system, surpassing even earth. In this picture, the first volcano discovered by Voyager 1 is again visible in the lower left portion of the disk as a dark oval with a dark spot in the center.  In March, this volcano appeared as a heart-shaped marking, not a symmetrical oval. Scientists believe that the non-symmetric markings earlier resulted from a constriction in the mouth of the volcanic vent causing erupting material to extrude preferentially in certain directions. Apparently, the volcanic eruptive activity, which sends material to altitudes of 280 kilometers (175 miles) or more above this volcano, has changed the vent geometry or dislodged an obstruction. Such changes in the form of eruptive fountains are common in terrestial volcanos, although on a much smaller scale than on Io. ARC-1979-A79-7074

P-21739 BW Range: 4.7 million kilometers (2.9 million miles) This pict...

P-21739 BW Range: 4.7 million kilometers (2.9 million miles) This picture of Io was taken as Voyager 2 closes in on the Jovian system. Scientists are studying these distant views of Io for evidences of changes ... More

Galilean Satellites, Voyager Program, NASA/JPL Photo

Galilean Satellites, Voyager Program, NASA/JPL Photo

These photos of the four Galilean satellites of Jupiter were taken by NASA Voyager 1 during its approach to the planet in early March 1979. Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto are shown in their correct relative... More

The Galilean Satellites, NASA / JPL Europa Image

The Galilean Satellites, NASA / JPL Europa Image

This composite includes the four largest moons of Jupiter which are known as the Galilean satellites. From left to right, the moons shown are Ganymede, Callisto, Io, and Europa. The Galilean satellites were fir... More

Range :  1.2 million kilometers (750,000 miles) This picture of Io is one of the last sequence of 'volcano watch' pictures planned as a time lapse study of the nearest of Jupiter's Galilean satellites.  The sunlit crescent of Io is seen at the left, and the night side illuminated by light reflected from Jupiter can also be seen.  Three volcanic eruption plumes are visible on the limb.  All three were previously seen by Voyager 1.  On the bright limb Plume 5 (upper) and Plume 6 (lower) are about 100 km high, while Plume 2 on the dark limb is about 185 km high and 325 km wide.  The dimensions of Plume 2 are about 1 1/2 times greater than during the Boyager 1 encounter, indicating that the intensity of the eruptions has increased during the four-month time interval between the Boyager encounters.  The three volcanic eruptions and at least three others have apparently been active at roughly the same intesity or greater for a period of at least four months. ARC-1979-A79-7099

Range : 1.2 million kilometers (750,000 miles) This picture of Io is ...

Range : 1.2 million kilometers (750,000 miles) This picture of Io is one of the last sequence of 'volcano watch' pictures planned as a time lapse study of the nearest of Jupiter's Galilean satellites. The sun... More

Jupiter - Io In Front of Jupiter Turbulent Clouds

Jupiter - Io In Front of Jupiter Turbulent Clouds

This photograph of the southern hemisphere of Jupiter was obtained by NASA Voyager 2 on June 25, 1979. Seen in front of the turbulent clouds of the planet is Io, the innermost of the large Galilean satellites o... More

Callisto False Color, Voyager Program, NASA/JPL Photo

Callisto False Color, Voyager Program, NASA/JPL Photo

This false color picture of Callisto was taken by NASA's Voyager 2 on July 7, 1979 at a range of 1,094,666 kilometers (677,000 miles) and is centered on 11 degrees N and 171 degrees W. This rendition uses an ul... More

The Galilean Satellites - NASA/JPL Galileo Program Images

The Galilean Satellites - NASA/JPL Galileo Program Images

This composite includes the four largest moons of Jupiter which are known as the Galilean satellites. Shown from left to right are Io, closest to Jupiter, followed by Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. NASA/JPL/DLR

Landscape Comparisons - Galilean Satellites - NASA/JPL Galileo Program Images

Landscape Comparisons - Galilean Satellites - NASA/JPL Galileo Program...

Landscape Comparisons - Galilean Satellites NASA/JPL/DLR Public domain photograph - night sky, astronomy, universe, space, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Jupiter and its Galilean Satellites as viewed from Mars

Jupiter and its Galilean Satellites as viewed from Mars

Jupiter and its Galilean Satellites as viewed from Mars NASA/JPL/Malin Space Science Systems

Jupiter System Montage, Voyager Program, NASA/JPL Photo

Jupiter System Montage, Voyager Program, NASA/JPL Photo

(March 1979) Jupiter and its four planet-size moons, called the Galilean satellites, were photographed in early March 1979 by Voyager 1 and assembled into this collage. They are not to scale but are in their re... More

Range :  1,094,666 km (677,000 mi.) This false color picture of Callisto was taken by Voyager 2 and is centered on 11 degrees N and 171 degrees W.  This rendition uses an ultraviolet image for the blue component.  Because the surface displays regional contrast in UV, variations in surface materials are apparent.  Notice in particular the dark blue haloes which surround bright craters in the eastern hemisphere.  The surface of Callisto is the most heavily cratered of the Galilean satellites and resembles ancient heavily cratered terrains on the moon, Mercury and Mars.  The bright areas are ejecta thrown out by relatively young impact craters.  A large ringed structure, probably an impact basin, is shown in the upper left part of the picture.  The color version of this picture was constructed by compositing black and white images taken through the ultraviolet, clear and orange filters. ARC-1979-AC79-7104

Range : 1,094,666 km (677,000 mi.) This false color picture of Callis...

Range : 1,094,666 km (677,000 mi.) This false color picture of Callisto was taken by Voyager 2 and is centered on 11 degrees N and 171 degrees W. This rendition uses an ultraviolet image for the blue componen... More

Family Portrait of Jupiter Great Red Spot and the Galilean Satellites

Family Portrait of Jupiter Great Red Spot and the Galilean Satellites

This "family portrait," a composite of the Jovian system, includes the edge of Jupiter with its Great Red Spot, and Jupiter's four largest moons, known as the Galilean satellites. From top to bottom, the moons ... More

Range :  4.2 million kilometers (2.6 million miles) Ganymede is Jupiter's Largest Galilean satellites and 3rd from the planet.  Photo taken after midnight  Ganymede is slightly larger than Mercury but much less dense (twice the density of water).  Its surface brightness is 4 times of Earth's Moon.  Mare regions (dark features) are like the Moon's but have twice the brightness, and believed to be unlikely of rock or lava as the Moon's are.  It's north pole seems covered with brighter material and may be water frost.  Scattered brighter spots may be related to impact craters or source of fresh ice. ARC-1979-A79-7016

Range : 4.2 million kilometers (2.6 million miles) Ganymede is Jupite...

Range : 4.2 million kilometers (2.6 million miles) Ganymede is Jupiter's Largest Galilean satellites and 3rd from the planet. Photo taken after midnight Ganymede is slightly larger than Mercury but much less... More

Europa, taken from Voyager 1 to Jupiter

Europa, taken from Voyager 1 to Jupiter

Range : 5.9 million kilometers (3.66 million miles) Europa is Jupiter's 2nd Galilean satellites from the planet and the brightest. Photo taken early morning through violet filter. Faint swirls and linear patt... More

The Galilean Satellites, NASA / JPL Europa Image

The Galilean Satellites, NASA / JPL Europa Image

In this "family portrait," the four Galilean Satellites are shown to scale. These four largest moons of Jupiter shown in increasing distance from Jupiter are (left to right) Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. ... More

Voyager 1 View of Callisto. NASA public domain image colelction.

Voyager 1 View of Callisto. NASA public domain image colelction.

Full Description: (March 6, 1979) Voyager 1 took this picture of Callisto during Voyager's approach to Jupiter's outer large satellite in 1979. Both Galileo and Marius discovered Callisto in 1610. In Greek myt... More

This photo of Callisto, outermost of Jupiter's four Galilean satellites, was taken a few minutes after midnight (PST) Feb. 25 by Voyager 1.  The distance to Callisto was 8,023,000 kilometers (4.98 million miles).  The hemisphere in this picture shows a fairly uniform surface dotted with brighter spots that are up to several hundred kilometers across.  Scientists believe the spots may be impact craters but higher-resolution photos will be necessary before the features can be interpreted.  Callisto is about the same size as the planet Mercury--about 5,000 kilometers (3,000 miles) in diameter.  Callisto is less massive than Mercury, however, giving it a density less than twice that of water.  Scientists believe Callisto, therefore, is composed of a mixture of rock and ice (up to about 50 percent by weight).  Its surface is darker than those of the other Galilean satellites, but is still about twice as bright as Earth's Moon.  This black-and-white photo was taken through a violet filter.  Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages and controls the Voyager project for NASA's Office of Space Science. (JPL ref. No. P-21149) ARC-1979-A79-7027

This photo of Callisto, outermost of Jupiter's four Galilean satellite...

This photo of Callisto, outermost of Jupiter's four Galilean satellites, was taken a few minutes after midnight (PST) Feb. 25 by Voyager 1. The distance to Callisto was 8,023,000 kilometers (4.98 million miles... More

Europa , the smallest of the Galilean satellites, or Moons , of Jupiter ,  is seen here as taken by Voyager 1.  Range : 2 million km (1.2 million miles) is centered at about the 300 degree Meridian.  The bright areas are probably ice deposits, while the dark may be rocky surface or areas of more patchy ice distribution.  Most unusual features are systems of linear structures crossing the surface in various directions. Of these, some of which are over 1000 km. long , & 2 or 3 hundred km. wide,  may be faults which have disrupted the surface. ARC-1979-AC79-7003

Europa , the smallest of the Galilean satellites, or Moons , of Jupite...

Europa , the smallest of the Galilean satellites, or Moons , of Jupiter , is seen here as taken by Voyager 1. Range : 2 million km (1.2 million miles) is centered at about the 300 degree Meridian. The bright... More

Icon Galilean Satellites, public domain photograph

Icon Galilean Satellites, public domain photograph

These photos of the four Galilean satellites of Jupiter were taken by Voyager 1 during its approach to the planet in early March 1979. Io (top left), Europa (top right), Ganymede (bottom left) and Callisto (bot... More