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Three Children. American Mennonite in France, 1940s.

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Three Children. American Mennonite in France, 1940s.

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Unidentified photograph...Citation: Lois Gunden Clemens Photograph Collection. France, 1941-1942. HM1-926 Box 1 Folder 9. Mennonite Church USA Archives - Goshen. Goshen, Indiana.

"In 1941 during World War II, twenty-six year old Lois Gunden of Goshen, Indiana accepted the call to serve with Mennonite Central Committee in southern France. As the Germans invaded European countries, Jewish residents fled south. Along the Mediterranean Sea a camp was opened to house adult refugees. Close-by was a Villa where the children of the refugees were housed. Lois, a French teacher from Indiana, volunteered to become the director of the children's center. One incident during the two years she worked there displays her ingenuity and intuitiveness. One morning while the children were out for a walk, a knock on the Villa door that a policeman had come to take three of the children. Lois said the children would not return until noon. At noon the policeman again appeared and told Lois to pack the children's belongings and prepare them for travel. This time Lois said that their clothing were being laundered and would not be dry until late afternoon. At five o'clock the enforcement officer returned again saying he would get the children that evening. Through the day and evening Lois prayed for wisdom and guidance, and for the safety of Louise, Armand and Monique. That evening although Lois and the children stayed up late, the officer never did return and the children remained safely at the Villa. When the Germans occupied southern France, Lois was interned in Germany. As the war was ending in 1944-45, she returned to her Indiana home. In additon to teaching French at Goshen College and Temple University, Lois ministered in the Mennonite Church through various leadership positions and through her writings." Source: Peace Exhibit, 2006, Mennonite Heritage Center, Harleysville, Pennsylvania. Curator, Joel D. Alderfer.

This is an attempt to see World War 2 through the eyes of people who lived or fought on the territories controlled by the Axis powers, originally the Rome–Berlin Axis. Axis' principal members in Europe were Nazi Germany, the Kingdom of Italy, Hungary, and Spain. During World War II, Nazi Germany and Axis powers occupied or controlled a number of countries in Europe and beyond. At its zenith in 1942, the Axis presided over large parts of Europe, North Africa, and East Asia, either through occupation, annexation, or puppet states. The collection is made with an image recognition aid, so a small percentage of images may be wrongly attributed as European & 1939-1945. Here is a list of some of the countries that were occupied or allied with Nazi Germany during the war: Austria: Nazi Germany annexed Austria in 1938, after the Anschluss, which was the union of Austria and Germany. Czechoslovakia: Nazi Germany occupied the western and southern regions of Czechoslovakia in 1938, after the Munich Agreement. The rest of the country was occupied in 1939, after the invasion of Poland. Denmark: Nazi Germany occupied Denmark in 1940, after the invasion of Norway. France: Nazi Germany occupied France in 1940, after the fall of Paris. The French government set up a collaborationist regime in the unoccupied zone of Vichy. Greece: Nazi Germany invaded and occupied Greece in 1941, after the fall of Crete. Italy: Italy was an ally of Nazi Germany during World War II, but was also occupied by German forces after the fall of Mussolini in 1943. Netherlands: Nazi Germany occupied the Netherlands in 1940, after the invasion of Belgium. Norway: Nazi Germany invaded and occupied Norway in 1940. Poland: Nazi Germany invaded and occupied Poland in 1939, at the start of World War II. Belgium: Nazi Germany occupied Belgium in 1940, after the invasion of the Netherlands. Luxembourg: Nazi Germany occupied Luxembourg in 1940, after the invasion of Belgium. Ukraine: Nazi Germany occupied parts of Ukraine during World War II, after the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941. Belarus: Nazi Germany occupied Belarus during World War II, after the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941. Russia: Nazi Germany invaded and occupied parts of the Soviet Union during World War II, after the invasion in 1941. Yugoslavia: Nazi Germany occupied parts of Yugoslavia during World War II, after the invasion in 1941. Albania: Nazi Germany occupied Albania in 1943, after the fall of Mussolini. Hungary: Hungary was an ally of Nazi Germany during World War II, but was also occupied by German forces after the fall of the Hungarian government in 1944. Romania: Romania was an ally of Nazi Germany during World War II, but was also occupied by German forces after the fall of the Romanian government in 1944. Bulgaria: Bulgaria was an ally of Nazi Germany during World War II, but was also occupied by German forces after the fall of the Bulgarian government in 1944. Finland: Finland was an ally of Nazi Germany during World War II, but was not occupied by German forces.

Large WWII photograph collection made with aid of image recognition.

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1942
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Mennonite Church USA Archives
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loise gunden clemens
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