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The attack on our outer ramparts - first the house of refuge - then the public schools - then - the Constitution! / J. Keppler.

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The attack on our outer ramparts - first the house of refuge - then the public schools - then - the Constitution! / J. Keppler.

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Summary

Illustration shows a hapless army of clergymen assulting a fortress labeled "Non-Sectarian Institution" around a building labeled "House of Refuge" with a battering ram labeled "Freedom of Worship Bill", one bishop is carrying a military standard labeled "In hoc signo vinces" (In this sign you will conquer) that shows a ballot box labeled "Irish Vote"; defending the ramparts are newspaper editors, including Puck. In the middle distance is a building labeled "Public School" and in the background, atop a hill is a statue labeled "Constitution" that states "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion".

Illus. from Puck, v. 17, no. 424, (1885 April 22), centerfold.
Copyright 1885 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.

Alois Senefelder, the inventor of lithography, introduced the subject of colored lithography in 1818. Printers in other countries, such as France and England, were also started producing color prints. The first American chromolithograph—a portrait of Reverend F. W. P. Greenwood—was created by William Sharp in 1840. Chromolithographs became so popular in American culture that the era has been labeled as "chromo civilization". During the Victorian times, chromolithographs populated children's and fine arts publications, as well as advertising art, in trade cards, labels, and posters. They were also used for advertisements, popular prints, and medical or scientific books.

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Date

01/01/1885
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Contributors

Keppler, Joseph Ferdinand, 1838-1894, artist
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Source

Library of Congress
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Copyright info

No known restrictions on publication.

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