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Sinai. North end of the Gulf of Suez, where Israelites crossed the Red Sea. American Colony, Jerusalem
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Title from: Catalogue of photographs made by the American Colony ... 1914.
Photograph taken from Sinai's western coast on the Gulf of Suez in the vicinity of the anchorage bay of Port Ibrahim to the north of El Shatt and Gad El Marakeb and to the south of Port Tawfiq or El Karntina (Quarantine), looking west and showing the shallow water at the head of the gulf in the foreground and the southern section of Gebel 'Ataka plateau in mainland Egypt in the background from right to the centre, from a 21km distance. (Source: A. Shams, Sinai Peninsula Research, 2018)
Suez (ancient Qolzoum or the traditional location of Biblical Baal-Zephon of the crossing of the Israelites, also known as 'Agrud) is located at the western side of the head of the Gulf of Suez and to the west of the southern terminus of Suez Canal (Isthmus Suez or Isthme de Suez). Also, the Bitter Lakes were known as another possible location for Biblical Baal-Zephon. Suez Canal was constructed between 1859 and 1869 CE and had remained a popular subject for paintings, postcards and photographs (plus maps and landscape paintings/views) since its opening and throughout the 1st half of 20th century CE, showing its construction and opening, towns, cities and trade centres, administrative buildings and light houses, sand and stone banks, ship navigation and excavators, crossing points along the waterway and Bitter Lakes (piers, floating bridges and ferry boats used by locals and Bedouins/camel caravans), rest houses and check and custom points, north (Port Said and Port Fouad) and south (Suez, Port Tawfiq and Port Ibrahim) terminus, and the surrounding landscape and agriculture plots during day and night. (Source: A. Shams, Sinai Peninsula Research, 2018)
Gift; Episcopal Home; 1978.
The G. Eric and Edith Matson Photograph Collection is a source of historical images of the Middle East. The majority of the images depict Palestine (present-day Israel and the West Bank) from 1898 to 1946. Most of the Library of Congress collection consists of over 23,000 glass and film photographic negatives and transparencies created by the American Colony Photo Department and its successor firm, the Matson Photo Service. The American Colony Photo Department in Jerusalem was one of several photo services operating in the Middle East before 1900. Catering primarily to the tourist trade, the American Colony and its competitors photographed holy sites, often including costumed actors recreating Biblical scenes. The firm’s photographers were residents of Palestine with knowledge of the land and people that gave them an advantage and made their coverage intimate and comprehensive. They documented Middle East culture, history, and political events from before World War I through the collapse of Ottoman rule, the British Mandate period, World War II, and the emergence of the State of Israel. The Matson Collection also includes images of people and locations in present-day Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Egypt, Iraq, and Turkey. Additionally, the firm produced photographs from an East African trip. The collection came to the Library of Congress between 1966 and 1981, through a series of gifts made by Eric Matson and his beneficiary, the Home for the Aged of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the Diocese of Los Angeles (now called the Kensington Episcopal Home).
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