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Market Scene, the Rest on the Flight into Egypt in the Background, from Kitchen and Market Scenes with Biblical Scenes in the Background

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Market Scene, the Rest on the Flight into Egypt in the Background, from Kitchen and Market Scenes with Biblical Scenes in the Background

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Public domain image of Biblical scene, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description

The Dutch Golden Age was a period from 1581 to 1672, when the Netherlands experienced the "Dutch Miracle", transcended to the foremost maritime and economic power. In 1568, the Seven Provinces started a rebellion against Philip II of Spain, leading to the Eighty Years' War with Spain and the Thirty Years' War between other European superpowers. Protestants moved from the southern to the northern Netherlands, many settled in Amsterdam, transforming a port town into one of the most important commercial centers in the world by 1630. In addition to the migration of Protestants, there were also influxes of refugees who had previously fled from religious persecution, particularly Sephardi Jews from Portugal and Spain, and Protestants from France. Catholics moved in the other direction - to the southern provinces, modern Belgium. North quickly gained the highest literacy rates in Europe, an abundance of capital, the largest merchant fleet in Europe. The Dutch dominated trade in the Baltic Sea, between China and Japan, and with the English colonies in North America. The Dutch East India Company (VOC) was the first multinational corporation, financed by shares that established the first modern stock exchange. The Bank of Amsterdam, the first central bank, was established in 1609. The Dutch Golden Age is the art period dominanted by Rembrandt, Vermeer, Jacob van Ruisdael, and Frans Hals. Some notable artistic styles and trends include Haarlem Mannerism, Utrecht Caravaggism, the School of Delft, the Leiden fijnschilders, and Dutch classicism. 1672 is called a disaster year" when the Dutch Republic was attacked by England, France, Münster, and Bavaria. The invading armies quickly defeated most of the Dutch States Army and conquered part of the Republic.

Pieter Aertsen (1508–1575) was a Dutch painter known for his still lifes and genre paintings. He was born in Amsterdam and trained under Allaert Claesz before setting up his own workshop in Antwerp. Aertsen's paintings often depicted scenes of everyday life, such as marketplaces, kitchens and taverns, with an emphasis on the depiction of food and drink. He also incorporated religious themes into his work, often placing biblical scenes in contemporary settings. Aertsen's style was characterised by the use of bright colours, attention to detail and the inclusion of symbolic elements. He was a major influence on the development of Dutch genre painting in the 17th century. He was a prominent artist during the Dutch Renaissance and his works were highly sought after by wealthy patrons. He was known for his ability to create complex compositions that combined multiple elements, such as people, animals and objects, into a cohesive whole. Aertsen's paintings often contained moral messages or allegories, and he used food and drink as symbols of temptation and indulgence. One of Aertsen's most famous works is The Meat Stall, which depicts a bustling marketplace with vendors selling a variety of meats and other goods. The painting is notable for its detailed depiction of the different types of meat on display, as well as the various people going about their business at the market. Aertsen's use of bright colours and attention to detail bring the painting to life, and it has become an iconic example of Dutch genre painting. Aertsen's influence on the development of Dutch genre painting can still be seen today, as many contemporary artists continue to draw inspiration from his work. His legacy as one of the greatest painters of the Dutch Renaissance is secure, and his works remain highly prized by collectors and art lovers around the world.

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1603
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Source

Metropolitan Museum of Art
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