Girls on a float in the Columbus Day parade, San Francisco, California

Italian Americans. Ethnographic Photographs from Library of Congress.

Originally a Spanish (later Mexican) mission and pueblo, it was conquered by the United States in 1846 and by an invading army of prospectors following the 1848 discovery of gold in its hinterland. The Gold Rush made San Francisco a cosmopolitan metropolis with a frontier edge. In early 1900s the city tried to remake itself into a grand and modern Paris of the West.

The main purpose of government, its rules, and laws including the concept of consequences for one’s actions when a law or rule is violated. Patriotic traditions including the recitation of The Pledge of Allegiance, the singing of My Country ‘Tis of Thee, and demonstration of appropriate flag etiquette and proper behavior during the playing of the national anthem. Important American symbols and their meanings including United States Flag, the Bald Eagle, the Statue of Liberty, and the Liberty Bell. Historic figures display character traits of fairness, respect for others, stewardship of natural resources, courage, equality, hard work, self-discipline, and commitment to the common good. Relationships between people and events of the past which are commemorated on Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington’s Birthday, Lincoln’s Birthday, Flag Day, and Independence Day.

In the pre-k and kindergarten, students begin to understand the foundations of the social studies strands; history, geography, civics, citizenship, and economics. History Literacy: The student will understand that history relates to events and people of other times and places. Students recognize that commemorative holidays honor people and events of the past including Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, Washington’s Birthday, and Independence Day. Students identify important American symbols and explain their meanings including United States Flag, the Bald Eagle, the Statue of Liberty, and the Liberty Bell. Students use words and phrases related to chronology and time to explain how things change including before/after and today/tomorrow/yesterday.

Students summarize the five key individual rights and liberties protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. Students identify the basic roles of national leaders including the President of the United States and the members of the United States Congress. Students identify important American symbols and explain their meanings including United States Flag, the Bald Eagle, the Statue of Liberty, Lady Justice, and the Liberty Bell. Students participate in patriotic traditions including the recitation of The Pledge of Allegiance and singing of The Star Spangled Banner, and demonstrate proper flag etiquette and appropriate behavior during both. Students describe relationships between people and events of the past which are commemorated on Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington’s Birthday, Lincoln’s Birthday, Flag Day, and Independence Day.