Modern history; Europe (1904) (14765415832)

Identifier: modernhistoryeur00west (find matches)
Title: Modern history; Europe
Year: 1904 (1900s)
Authors: West, Willis Mason, 1857- (from old catalog)
Subjects:
Publisher: Boston, Allyn and Bacon
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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balanced the evil, it is perhaps even now impossible tosay. The restored Empire was to last more than eight hundred years,into the nineteenth century (§ 370). During the latter part of this longperiod, it was little more than a mockery ; but for the first three hundredyears it was a mighty agent in keeping down feudal anarchy, in helpingto reform the church, in civilizing Germany, in extending the sway ofChristian civilization over the barbarous Slavs, and in holding togetherCentral Europe, —when very possibly no other power could have donethese things so well. 1 With reference to the breaking up of Christendom into separate states,Petrarch speaks of the hideous portent of a creature of many heads bitingand snapping at each other; see a lengthy extract from Petrarchs Letterto the Romans in Bryces Holy Roman Empire, 256. Dante wrote his BeMonarchia to establish this same view of the necessity of one imperial rule.Cf. also the third theme sentence at the head of Division VI, page 60.
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§55) THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE—RESTORATION. 63 55. The Nature of the Restored Empire. — After its restora-tion the Empire is known as the Holy Eoman Empire of theGerman People. Two new terms in this title are significant. a. The new Empire was Holy:1 it partook of the nature ofthe church, and its most serious problems —■ indeed, the ques-tion of its success — were to turn upon the relations betweenpopes and emperors. The theory of the Medieval Empire is that of a universal Christianmonarchy. The Roman Empire and the Catholic Church are two aspectsof one society, a society ordained by the Divine Will to spread itself overthe whole world. At the head of this society in its temporal character,as an empire, stands the temporal chief of Christendom, the RomanCaesar. At its head in its spiritual character, as a church, stands thespiritual chief of Christendom, the Roman Pontiff. Caesar and Pontiff,alike, rule by divine right, each as Gods immediate vicar within his ownsphere. Each is

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