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Cologne

Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium, The Free Imperial City of Cologne.Created by: PICRYLDated: 1880
Cologne, Germany
In 50 AD, the Romans founded Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (Cologne) on the river Rhine and the city became the provincial capital of Germania Inferior in 85 AD and one of the most important trade and production centers in the Roman Empire until it was occupied by the Franks in 462.

By the end of the 12th century, the Archbishop of Cologne was one of the seven electors of the Holy Roman Emperor. In 1288, Cologne gained its independence from the archbishops and became a Free City within the Holy Roman Empire. The Free Imperial City of Cologne must not be confused with the Electorate of Cologne which was a state of its own within the Holy Roman Empire.

Cologne's location at the intersection of the major trade routes between east and west as well as the south-north was the basis of Cologne's growth. By 1300 the city population exceeded 50,000.

Cologne lost its status as a free city when all the territories of the Holy Roman Empire on the left bank of the Rhine were incorporated into the French Republic and Napoleon's Empire.

The Cologne Cathedral, started in 1248, abandoned in 1560, was eventually finished in 1880 not just as a place of worship but also as a German national monument celebrating the newly founded German empire and the continuity of the German nation since the Middle Ages.

By World War I, Cologne had grown to 700,000 inhabitants. During World War II, the Allies dropped 44,923 tons of bombs on the city, destroying 61% of buildings, causing 20,000 civilian casualties and wiped out the central part of the city. In 1945 architect and urban planner Rudolf Schwarz called Cologne the "world's greatest heap of rubble". The reconstruction lasted until the 1990s.
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1983
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1983
708 Media in collection ∙ page 1 of 8
Bell

Bell

Rome or Cologne

Bottle

Bottle

Made in Cologne

Plaque with Christ in Majesty and the Four Evangelists

Plaque with Christ in Majesty and the Four Evangelists

Evangelist Saint Mark writing the Gospel with his symbol, the Lion, holding a scroll

Evangelist Saint Mark writing the Gospel with his symbol, the Lion, ho...

Crucifix

Crucifix

Made in Cologne or Mosan (?)

Plaque with the Holy Women at the Sepulchre

Plaque with the Holy Women at the Sepulchre

Plaque with Doubting Thomas

Plaque with Doubting Thomas

Game Piece with the Blinded Samson Led by a Boy to the Philistine Temple of Dagon

Game Piece with the Blinded Samson Led by a Boy to the Philistine Temp...

Game Piece with Hercules Throwing Diomedes to His Man-Eating Horses

Game Piece with Hercules Throwing Diomedes to His Man-Eating Horses

Game Piece with Hercules Slaying the Three-Headed Geryon

Game Piece with Hercules Slaying the Three-Headed Geryon

Seal Matrix with Abbot William of Gross St. Martin and Saint Martin

Seal Matrix with Abbot William of Gross St. Martin and Saint Martin

Plaque from a Portable Altar with Scenes from the Life of Jesus

Plaque from a Portable Altar with Scenes from the Life of Jesus

Plaque from a Portable Altar with Scenes from the Life of Jesus

Plaque from a Portable Altar with Scenes from the Life of Jesus

Plaque from a Portable Altar with Scenes from the Life of Jesus

Plaque from a Portable Altar with Scenes from the Life of Jesus

Plaque from a Portable Altar with Scenes from the Life of Jesus

Plaque from a Portable Altar with Scenes from the Life of Jesus

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Game Piece with a Scene from the Life of Apollonius of Tyre

Game Piece with a Scene from the Life of Apollonius of Tyre

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Refectory Bell

Refectory Bell

Reliquary Plaque with Christ Blessing

Reliquary Plaque with Christ Blessing

Made in possibly Cologne, Rhineland, Germany

Plaque with Moses, Aaron, and the Brazen Serpent

Plaque with Moses, Aaron, and the Brazen Serpent

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine

Tri-Lobed Arch from a Reliquary Shrine

Tri-Lobed Arch from a Reliquary Shrine

Tri-Lobed Arch from a Reliquary Shrine

Tri-Lobed Arch from a Reliquary Shrine

Textile with Interlacing Bands forming Swastika Figures

Textile with Interlacing Bands forming Swastika Figures

Made in Cologne, Germany

Christ Presenting the Keys to Saint Peter

Christ Presenting the Keys to Saint Peter

Christ Presenting the Keys to Saint Peter

Christ Presenting the Keys to Saint Peter

Triptych with the Coronation of the Virgin

Triptych with the Coronation of the Virgin

Crozier Head

Crozier Head

Diptych with Scenes of the Life of Christ and the Virgin, Saint Michael, John the Baptist, Thomas Becket, and the Trinity

Diptych with Scenes of the Life of Christ and the Virgin, Saint Michae...

Orphrey Band

Orphrey Band

Made in Cologne, Germany

Album with Twelve Engravings of The Passion, a Woodcut of Christ as the Man of Sorrows, and a Metalcut of St. Jerome in Penitence

Album with Twelve Engravings of The Passion, a Woodcut of Christ as th...

Panel with the Virgin and Gabriel Annunciate

Panel with the Virgin and Gabriel Annunciate

Brocade Textile

Brocade Textile

Made in Cologne, Germany

Textile

Textile

Made in Cologne, Germany

Textile

Textile

Made in Cologne, Germany

Panel with Saint George and the Dragon

Panel with Saint George and the Dragon

Textile

Textile

Made in Cologne, Germany

Fragment of Textile Band

Fragment of Textile Band

Made in Cologne, Germany

Brocade Band

Brocade Band

Made in Cologne, Germany

Textile

Textile

Made in Cologne, Germany

Band

Band

Made in Cologne, Germany

Saint John the Baptist and Saint John the Evangelist

Saint John the Baptist and Saint John the Evangelist

Textile

Textile

Made in Cologne, Germany

Orphrey

Orphrey

Made in Cologne, Germany

Textile Band

Textile Band

Made in Cologne, Germany

Stained Glass Panel with the Virgin and Child

Stained Glass Panel with the Virgin and Child

Section of Orphrey

Section of Orphrey

Made in Cologne, Germany

Praetexta of an Antependium

Praetexta of an Antependium

Made in Cologne, Germany

Monstrance

Monstrance

Praetexta

Praetexta

Made in Cologne

Christ and the Woman of Samaria (Schr. 2215)

Christ and the Woman of Samaria (Schr. 2215)

The Circumcision

The Circumcision

The Annunciation

The Annunciation

Anonymous, German, Cologne, 15th century

Saints Anthony, Sebastian and Christopher

Saints Anthony, Sebastian and Christopher

Pilgrim Badge with Adoration of the Magi

Pilgrim Badge with Adoration of the Magi

Saint Ursula of Cologne and Four Virgin Martyrs

Saint Ursula of Cologne and Four Virgin Martyrs

Saint John the Baptist Appearing Before Herod

Saint John the Baptist Appearing Before Herod

Augustin Braun (German, Cologne ca. 1570–1639 Cologne)

Philip Melanchthon

Philip Melanchthon

Stained Glass Panel with Saint Roch, the van Merle Family Arms and a Donor

Stained Glass Panel with Saint Roch, the van Merle Family Arms and a D...

Stained Glass Panel with a Lady and her Patron Saint

Stained Glass Panel with a Lady and her Patron Saint

Stained Glass Panel with a Bishop and his Patron Saint

Stained Glass Panel with a Bishop and his Patron Saint

Stained Glass Panel with St. Bernard

Stained Glass Panel with St. Bernard

Virgin & Child with Donor

Virgin & Child with Donor

Made in Cologne, Germany

Saint Catherine

Saint Catherine

Made in Cologne, Germany

The Adoration of the Magi

The Adoration of the Magi

Made in Cologne, Germany

John the Evangelist

John the Evangelist

Made in Cologne, Germany

Copy of a Panel with Two Dolphins Facing a Vessel at Center

Copy of a Panel with Two Dolphins Facing a Vessel at Center

Ornamental design with vase at center, flanked by two grotesque dolphins, facing inwards. after Jacob Binck (German, Cologne 1494/1500–1569 Kaliningrad (Königsberg))

[The elaborate device of Franz Birckmann, a Cologne bookseller, showing 3 seperate scenes: The Adoration, St. Ursula with the 11,000 virgins, and a boiling cauldron containing 7 Maccabean youths and their mother. In upper corners are 2 shields containing Cologne arms and Birckmann trademark]

[The elaborate device of Franz Birckmann, a Cologne bookseller, showin...

Illus. in: Opera of St. Cyrillus (1520). Reference copy may be in LOT 4966. This record contains unverified, old data from caption card. Caption card tracings: Shelf.

Vertical Panel with a Half-Length Female with Leaves as Arms

Vertical Panel with a Half-Length Female with Leaves as Arms

Ornament panel with half-length female figure wearing a crown with wing-like leaves instead of arms. Jacob Binck (German, Cologne 1494/1500–1569 Kaliningrad (Königsberg))

Vertical Panel with Cupid Holding the End of a Plant Sprouting Tendrils

Vertical Panel with Cupid Holding the End of a Plant Sprouting Tendril...

Ornamental design with a cupid facing right, holding the end of scrolling vines. Jacob Binck (German, Cologne 1494/1500–1569 Kaliningrad (Königsberg))

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 19v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 19v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 6r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 6r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 15v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 15v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 15r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 15r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 22r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 22r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 8r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 8r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 4v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 4v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 8v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 8v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 14v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 14v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 20v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 20v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 9r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 9r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 11r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 11r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 12r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 12r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 23r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 23r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 18r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 18r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 14r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 14r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 24v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 24v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 3r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 3r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 22v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 22v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 9v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 9v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 12v

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 12v

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 7r

Eyn new kunstlichboich, page 7r

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more

Eyn new kunstlichboich, Page 2 verso

Eyn new kunstlichboich, Page 2 verso

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne, woodcut border designed by Anton Woensam von Worms, German, active first half 16th century, died 1538.Italian translation of title page, illustrated title page, portrait of... more